What is food waste and why is it a problem?

Food waste refers to discarded food and is a significant problem due to its extensive impact on various resources and the environment. When food is wasted, it not only signifies a loss of all the resources used in its production — including water, energy, and labor — but it also contributes to the accumulation of waste in landfills, where it can produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.

Additionally, food waste exacerbates food insecurity issues, as a substantial portion of the food produced is not consumed, while millions of people around the world still lack access to adequate nourishment. Understanding food waste as a problem emphasizes the need for sustainable practices in agriculture, consumption, and waste management to mitigate its effects.

The other options do not adequately capture the essence of food waste. While surplus food may benefit animals, this does not encompass the concept of food waste in its entirety. The benefits to soil health from certain organic materials don't represent the issue of wasted food overall. Lastly, limiting food waste to only losses during harvesting overlooks the broader context of waste occurring at various stages in the food supply chain, including processing, transportation, and consumption.